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Commercial Apple Insect and Disease Control — 2015

Read and Follow all Label Directions

In the following tables, the quantity of materials to mix to apply to apples is the amount of spray volume needed to cover one acre of well pruned, standard size trees. In Oklahoma, application rates will vary from 25-200 gallons per acre. Effectiveness of spray volumes will be determined by several factors including: tree sizes, tree densities, canopy density, and nozzle type. Irrespective of the amount of liquid per acre applied, use the amount of chemical per acre listed below as a guide for mixing. Numerous insecticides are labeled for use and are effective against insect and mite pests on apples. See the list of labeled insecticides for materials we have been able to determine are labeled for current use. However, registrations and use patterns are constantly changing and all recommendations should be offered with the advice to READ THE LABEL of any and all pesticides to be used on any crop.

 

Table 1. Amount of Materials Needed

Application and Timing Pests Involved Material1 (MOA Group)* Per Acre Comments
DORMANT: Apply when trees are dormant and temperature is above 40°F. San Jose Scale
Forbes Scale
European red mite
Apple aphid
Superior Summer Oil2 (*) See label For scale insect control apply a minimum of 150 gallons of liquid per acre.
    Microthiol Special (M)
(Mites only)
10-20 lbs Delayed dormant application
    Apollo SC (10) 4-8 oz  
    Battalion 0.2ECr (3) 14.1 oz  
    Beleaf 50SG (9C) 2.0-2.8 oz Suppression of aphids.
    Lorsban 4E (1B) 1.5 pts Aphids only.
GREEN TIP: Scab Flint (11) 2-3 oz  
    Nova 40 W (3) 5-8 oz  
    Rubigan EC (3) 8-12 oz  
    Sovran (11) 4-6.4 oz  
    Topsin-M 70W (1) 1-1.5 lb  
    Ziram 76DF (M4) 6-8 lb  
  Powdery Mildew Nova 40W (3) 5-8 oz  
    Rubigan EC (3) 8-12 oz  
    Topsin-M 70W (1) 1-1.5 lb  
    Ziram 76DF (M4) 6-8 lb  
  Cedar Apple Rust Nova 40W (3) 5-8 oz  
    Rubigan EC (3) 8-12 oz  
    Ziram 76DF (M4)   6-8 lb
  Scale or Mites Battalion 0.2ECr (3) 7.0-14.1 oz Scale only.
    Superior Oil or highly
refined summer oil (*)
See label If application is delayed until tight cluster to pink, reduce oil to ½-1 gal per 100 gal.
    Pasada 1.6F (4A) 8 oz  
    Provado 1.6 F (4A) 8 oz  
    Danitol 24ECr
(mites only) (3)
16.0-21.33 oz Superior Oil, Pasada, Provado and Danitol kill
    Zeal (10B) 2-3 oz Overwintering eggs of mites.
    Apollo SC
(mites only) (10)
4 oz  
    Savey 50WP
(mites only) (10A)
3 oz  
    Acramite 50WS
(mites only) (25)
0.75-1.0 lb  
PREBLOOM: When flower buds first show pink Scab Same as Green Tip    
  Powdery Mildew Same as Green Tip    
  Cedar Apple Rust Same as Green Tip    
  Cankerworm
Aphids
Asana XL (3) 4.8-14.5 oz  
    Assail 70WP (4A) 1.1-1.7 lbs  
    Ambush 2ECr (3) 6.4-25.6 oz  
    Battalion 0.2ECr (3) 7.0-14.1 oz Aphids only.
    Beleaf 50SG (9C) 2.0-2.8 oz Aphids only.
    Danitol 2.4EC4 (3) 10.66-21.33 oz  
    Dimethoate 4EC (1B) 2-4 pt  
    Lannate LVr (1A) 2 pt  
    Lorsban 4Er (1B)
(No preharvest interval, because labeled use is prior to fruiting.)
1.5 pt  
    Mustang-Maxr (3) 1.28-4.0 oz  
    Pasada 1.6F (4A) 8 oz  
BLOOM STAGE: When the first blossoms open. To protect bees do not use insecticide during the bloom stage. Fireblight Agri-Strep See label  
  Scab, Powdery Mildew,
Cedar Apple Rust
Same as Green Tip    
  Codling moth Do not apply insecticides.    
    Isomate CT or 400 See footnote 3
    Checkmate CM 200  
PETAL FALL: When most of the petals have fallen. Scab, Powdery Mildew, Cedar Apple Rust Same as Green Tip    
Sevin should not be applied until 30 days after full bloom to avoid thinning of fruit. Codling Moth, Plum Curculio Ambush 25Wr (3) 6.4-25.6 oz  
    Asana XLr (3) 4.8-14.5 fl oz  
    Assail 70WP (4A) 1.7-3.4 lbs  
    Battalion 0.2ECr (3) 7.0-14.1 oz  
    Calypso 4F (4A) 4-8 oz  
    Danitol 2.4ECr (3) 16.0-21.33 oz  
    Dimethoate 4EC (1B) (codling moth) 1 pt  
    Entrust (5) 2-3 oz  
    Guthion 50WPr (1B) 2-3 lb  
    Imidan 70WP6 (1B) 2.13-5.33 lb  
    Intrepid 2F (18) 10-16 oz  
    Javelin (11B2) 0.5-4.0 lb Javelin, Intrepid and Entrust are for codling moth and other caterpillar pests only.
    Lannate LVr (1A 2 pt  
    Mustang-Maxr (3) 1.28-4.0 oz  
    Pounce 3.2ECr (3) 4-8 oz  
    Rimon 0.83EC (15) 30-50 oz  
    Warriorr (3) 2.56-5.12 oz  
FIRST COVER: Two weeks after petal fall. Scab, Cedar Apple Rust, Powdery Mildew Same as Green Tip    
  Codling Moth Assail 70WP (4A) 1.7-3.4 lbs  
    Asana XLr (3) 4.8-14.5 fl oz/A  
    Battalion 0.2ECr (3) 7.0-14.1 oz  
    Calypso 1.4F (4A) 4-8 oz  
    Danitol 2.4ECr (3) 16.0-21.33 oz  
    Dimethoate 4Ec (1B) 1 pt  
    Guthion 50WPr (1B) 3 lb  
    Imidan 70WP6 (1B) 2.13-5.33 lb  
    Intrepid 2F (18) 12-16 oz  
    Javelin (11B2) 0.5-4.0 lb  
    Lannate LVr (1A) 2 pt  
    Mustang-Maxr (3) 1.28-4.0 oz  
    Rimon 0.83 EC (15) 20-50 oz Rimon is effective for leafrollers. See label for specific rates.
    Seize 35 WP (7D) 4-5 oz  
    Thiodan 3EC (2A) 6 pt  
  Aphids Asana XL (3) 4.8-14.5 oz Aphids only.
  Scale Beleaf 50SG (9C) 2.0-2.8 oz Aphids only.
    Danitol 2.4ECr (3) 10.66-21.33 oz  
    Dimethoate 4EC (1B) 2 pt Aphids only.
    Movento(23) 6.0-9.0 oz Aphids only.
    Mustang-Maxr (3) 1.28-4.0 oz  
    Pasada 1.6F (4A) 8 oz  
    Povado 1.6F (4A) 8 oz  
    Seize 35WP (7D) 3-5 oz  
SECOND COVER: Ten days after first cover. Black Rot
(Frog Eye Leaf Spot), Sooty Blotch, Rot, FlyspeckBitter
Captan 50WP (M4) 4-8 lb  
    Flint (11) 2-3 oz  
    Sovran (11) 4-6.4 oz  
    Topsin-M 70W (1) 1-1.5 lb  
    Ziram 76DF (M4) 6-8 lb  
  Codling Moth, Aphids Same as First Cover.    
THIRD COVER: Ten days after second cover. Sooty Blotch, Scab, Bitter Rot Same as Second Cover.    
  Codling Moth Same as First Cover plus Sevin4 1 lb  
FOURTH COVER: Ten days after third cover. About June 1.        
  Bitter Rot Same as Second Cover.    
  Codling Moth Same as First Cover plus Sevin.4 1 lb  
  Mites Abacusr (6) 10-20 oz For best results use Abacusr with horticultural spray oil, not a dormant oil. Limited to a period extending from petal fall through six weeks following petal fall.
    Acramite 50WS (25) 0.75 - 1.0 lbs  
    Agri-Mek5 0.15 EC (6) 10-20 oz  
    Carzol SP (1A)  1-1.5 lb  
    Dicofol 4E (20)  4 pt  
    Onager 1EC (10A) 12-24 oz  
    Pyramite 60 WP (21) 4.4-13.2 oz  
    Summer oil*  ½-1% solution  
    Wettable Sulfur (M)  5-15 lb  
    Vendex 50WPr (12B) 1-2 lb  
    Zeal (10B) 2-3 oz  
FIFTH AND LATER COVERS: At 10 day intervals until 2 before harvest.weeks Codling Moth Same as First Cover plus Sevin.4 1 lb  
  Mites Same as Fourth Cover Sprays    

* Horticultural oils are physical toxicants which act as suffocant and entrapment insecticides. r Restricted Use Pesticide.

 

MOA Group Tables start on page 43 of the handbook.

  1. Check Table 1 for date of last application prior to harvest.
  2. Scale insects may not be a problem if trees were regularly sprayed in cover applications with Guthion in the previous year. Horticultural oils act as suffocant and entrapment insecticides.
  3. Mating disruption dispensers are only recommended in orchards with low codling moth populations and not in blocks of less than 5 acres. Isomate CT releases pheromone for a minimum of 100 days, but Checkmate CM dispensers release pheromone for only 75 days. Two applications of Checkmate CM per season should be made.
  4. Avoid use of Sevin from bloom to 30 days after full bloom, unless fruit thinning is desired, then follow directions on the label. Avoid use of Sevin in areas exhibiting heavy mite infestation.
  5. Do not exceed 20 fl oz per acre per application or 40 fl oz per acre in a growing season. Do not make more than 2 applications per growing season. Do not apply in less than 40 gals of water per acre. If second application is needed, do not re-treat within 21 days. See label for additional precautions about certain varieties.
  6. Imidan is very sensitive to alkaline hydrolysis; therefore, check the pH of the tank mix and add a buffering agent if necessary, to adjust the pH to 6.0 or lower. Do not attempt to acidify solutions containing copper compounds.

 

Table 2. Days From Last Application to Harvest

CHEMICALS** DAYS
Abacus 28
Acramite 50WS 7
Agri-Mek 28
Agri-Strep 50
Ambushr Do not apply after petal fall.
Apollo SC 45
Asana XLr 21
Battalionr 21
Beleaf 21
Calypso 30
Captan 0
Carzol SP 7
Danitol 2.4EC 14
Dimethoate 4EC 28
Dicofol 7
Flint 30
Guthion 50Wr 14
Imidan 7
Javelin 0
Lannate LV 14
Lorsban 4Er14 14
Lorsban 50Wr 28
Movento 7
Mustang-Maxr 14
Nova 14
Omite 7
Onager 28
Pasada 7
Pouncer Do not apply after petal fall.
Provado 7
Pyramite 60WP 25
Rimon 14
Rubigan EC 30
Savey WP Do not apply after petal fall.
Sevin 3
Sovran 30
Summer Oil 0
Thiodan 21
Topsin-M 70W 0
Vendex 14
Wettable Sulfur 7
Zeal 28
Ziram 14

**See labels for other limitations.
r Restricted use pesticide.

 

MITES.  The most important mites of this region are red spider mites and two spotted spider mites.  Red mites pass the winter as somewhat spherical eggs of a bright red to orange color on twigs and smaller branches of the tree.  Two spotted mites generally over winter as orange, hibernating females in protected locations of cover crops or other debris.  They then migrate to the foliage of the trees in the spring and summer.  Mites overwintering on the tree may be controlled by delayed dormant oil sprays.  In the event control is not satisfactory, one should rotate between Kelthane, Omite or Guthion sprays.

 

WOOLY APPLE APHID.  The winter is spent as eggs and young nymphs on elm trees.  After two spring generations on elm, they migrate to apples, usually in late June or early July.  Several generations are produced on apples during the remainder of the summer.  These aphids are purplish and characteristically covered with white, waxy secretion.  Their presence can be detected by visual observations of the scaffold limbs.  They are usually found where there are wounds from pruning or at the base of water sprouts.  Chemicals, such as Guthion, applied to control other aphids usually suppress populations of this pest as well.

 

For detailed information on using pesticides safely, see OSU Extension Fact Sheets EPP-7451, “Agricultural Pesticide Storage;” EPP-7454, “Check Your Pesticide Labels;” and  EPP-7457, “Toxicity of Pesticides.” 

 

* See labels for other limitations.
r = Restricted use pesticide.

 

CR-6241photos

CR-6241chart

 

Phil Mulder
Department Head, Entomology and Plant Pathology

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